I decided to go to graduate school and said, "How am I going to do it? If I can do on the computer world, I’ll do it in the neuroscience world." I couldn't study traditional neuroscience so I got myself into a biophysics program. I became a PhD student in Biophysics in Berkeley, and I quit my job in the computer industry completely. I said, "I'm getting out of computer industry." Giving up seven years - this is 1986, I was giving up seven years of work in the computer industry and so I'm just going to become a graduate student. And so I did that and I start off at Berkeley. I'm commuting an hour everyday to get there, and I write a paper about what I want to do for my PhD thesis and I have some of the ideas later appeared in On Intelligence. And I wrote this paper and I submitted it to the Chairman of Graduate Program of Neuroscience at Berkeley, and he had a faculty meeting and we got together and he said, "This is a really good idea. This is a great problem you want to work on. You have some really good ideas on how to do this. But you can't do it." And I said, "What do you mean I can't do it?" "Not only you can't do it here at Berkeley, you can't do it anywhere." Because what I wanted to do is a theoretical mathematical approach understanding how the neocortex works. That was the specific thing and he said, "There's nobody doing this and as a graduate student you just can't do what you want to do. You have to work for a professor." I was naive, I didn't understand this: That you couldn't study whatever you wanted to study, you have to work for somebody and study, and I was really bummed out. You have to imagine how bummed out I was. So I have this sort of major soul searching, and I said, "What am I going to do?" So I start spending all my time in the library at Berkeley just reading science papers - it was before the Internet of course. If you want to read papers, you've got to go to the library. And I had a big bill on my photocopy card and I was ...